Class 5 Social Studies Chapter 9 Notes cover all the topics in a simplified and precise way. Class 5 Social Studies Chapter 9 Notes are easy to understand and learn for exams. Class 5 Social Studies Chapter 9 Notes are very useful for a quick revision.
Class 5 Social Studies Chapter 9 Notes
What is Transport?
The movement of humans, animals, or goods from one location to another is called transport or transportation.
| Types of Transport |
|---|
| (1) Land Transport Land transport is the process of transport where vehicles (trains, buses, trucks, cars, bicycles, bullock-carts, etc.) move on the land. |
| (2) Water Transport Water transport is the process of transport where boats or ships move through water bodies such as a sea, ocean, lake, canal, or river. |
| (3) Air Transport Air transport is the process of transport where aircraft (airplanes, helicopters, hot air balloon ships, etc.) move through the air. |
Land Transportation
Land transport covers all land-based transportation of people, goods, and services.
Rail Transport – Passenger trains, Goods trains.
Road Transport – Motor vehicles, Animal powered carts, Human-powered vehicles.
Water Transportation
It is used to carry heavy goods for long distances. It is cheaper than road and airways.
Manual boats – Sailboats, Paddleboats, Kayaks, etc.
Steamboats – Steamers
Motorboats – Ferry boats, Powerboats
Ships – Passenger ships, Naval ships, Cargo ships
Submarines
Air Transportation
Air transport is the fastest method of transport.
Passenger aircraft: Airplanes, Helicopters, Gliders, Parachutes, etc.
Cargo aircraft: Cargo planes, Blimps, etc.
Space research and defense: Rockets, Missiles, etc.
| Power-sources for Vehicles |
|---|
| (1) Man-powered Vehicles >Transport of people and/or goods using human muscle power. >For example, cycling, rowing, skating, skiing, etc. |
| (2) Animal-powered Vehicles >Animal used for pulling or carrying people and/or goods. >For example, bullock-carts, donkeys carrying goods, etc. |
| (3) Engine-powered Vehicles >A mechanical machine is used to power the vehicles. >Steam engines, petrol or diesel engines are some examples of the engines. >For example, Bus, Car, Train, Airplane, etc. |
Steam Engine
>The steam engine was one of the most important inventions of the Industrial Revolution.
>Steam engines were used in all sorts of applications including factories, mines, train engines, and steamboats.
>The steam engines also revolutionized transportation.
| The invention of the Steam engine |
|---|
| Thomas Savery from Spain developed the first working steam engine in 1698. It was not efficient and practically usable. |
| Thomas Newcomen from Britain developed a practically usable steam engine in 1711. It was better than Thomas Savery’s engine. |
| James Watt from Scotland repaired and designed an improved steam engine in 1769. It was an efficient steam engine that became very famous and was used widely in various industries, ships, locomotives of that time. |
History of Transport
Walking
>Since the beginning, humans have been traveling in search of food, water, shelter, for survival, trading, etc.
>When there were no means of transportation, they walked. Walking barefoot made their journeys difficult and slow.
>When learned to create foot coverings (shoes), they walked with ease.
>They had to carry their loads themselves. So their journeys were still slow and difficult.
Using the animals for the transportation
>They domesticated the animals and started using them for transportation.
>They rode on their back and/or kept the loads on them.
>Horses, donkeys, Oxen, etc were used for this purpose.
Invention of Wheel
>The wheel was invented about 5500 years ago.
>One of the most important inventions of human history.
>Carts were also made and wheels were attached to them.
>These carts were pulled by the people or animals.
>Revolutionized transport.
With time, designs of wheels and carts were improved. Transportation became faster and easier.
Invention of Boats
>Since the stone age, primitive boats were developed to travel through the water.
>Boats were also used for fishing.
>So water transport is the oldest way to transport.
With time, designs of boats were improved and transportation became faster and easier.
Invention of aircraft
>The first hot air balloon was invented by the Montgolfier brothers in 1783.
>The first sustained, controlled, and powered heavier-than-air airplane was invented by the Wright brothers in 1903.
>This revolutionary aircraft was called the Wright Flyer.
All these inventions were proved to be the base for all the technological advancements in transportation.
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