Calendar-based questions in logical reasoning are very important and easy to understand if we follow some basic concepts. Everything depends upon finding the odd days. We can use some quick tricks to find out the number of odd days and we can easily solve these calendar-based logical reasoning questions. These types of logical reasoning questions are frequently asked in various competitive exams. Let us understand some basic concepts and apply these in solving some examples.
This post includes some important terms such as types of years, ordinary year, leap year, odd day, etc.
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Image by Amber Avalona from Pixabay |
Basic Concepts of Calendar
- A calendar is a collection of days, weeks, months, and years.
- There are two types of years.
(1) Ordinary year (365 days)
(2) Leap Year (366 days) - A Decade is a period of 10 years.
- A Century is a period of 100 years.
- A Millennium is a period of 1000 years.
How to find out the Leap Year?
Two types of years:
(1) Normal Year
(2) Century year
We have different ways to find the leap years.
(2) For a Century year, it should be divisible by 400.
Examples:
- 1999 ⇒ Not Divisible by 4. (Ordinary year)
- 2020 ⇒ Divisible by 4. (Leap year)
- 1600 ⇒ Divisible by 400. (Leap year)
- 1900 ⇒ Not Divisible by 400. (Ordinary Year)
What is an Odd day?
- A week has 7 days. (Monday to Sunday)
- When we divide the total number of days of duration by 7 then the remainder is called the odd day or odd days.
- An ordinary year has 1 Odd Day as (365/7) gives remainder as 1.
- A leap year has 2 Odd Days as (366/7) gives remainder as 2.
The number of the odd day will point to a particular day of the week.
- If odd day = 0 ⇒ Sunday
- If odd day = 1 ⇒ Monday.
- If odd day = 2 ⇒ Tuesday.
- If odd day = 3 ⇒ Wednesday.
- If odd day = 4 ⇒ Thursday.
- If odd day = 5 ⇒ Friday.
- If odd day = 6 ⇒ Saturday.
Number of Odd Days in a Month
- (Days of a month) divided by 7 ⇒ Remainder is equal to the number of odd days.
- Example: January has 31 days. If 31 is divided by 7 then we get 3 as the remainder. So there are 3 odd days in the month of January. Similarly, we can easily find out for other months.
- Number of odd days in an ordinary year ⇒ 1
- Number of odd days in a leap year ⇒ 2
Number of Odd Days in a Century
- 24 Leap Years ⇒ 24 x 2 = 48 odd days
- 76 Ordinary Years ⇒ 76 x 1 = 76 odd days
⇒ (5 + 5) odd days
⇒ 3 odd days.
⇒ 1 odd day.
Similarly, the number of odd days can be calculated for centuries.
Find out the day
Example 2: If October 3, 1988, was Monday, then what day will be on 28 Feb 2001?
Example 3: What was the day on 26 January 1950?